Mulateiro is noted for its ability to completely shed and regenerate its bark on a yearly basis, making harvesting the bark a totally renewable and sustainable enterprise. The bark is smooth (as if polished) and changes colors throughout the year as it matures - going from a green tone to a brownish tone. Mulateiro bark has a long history of use among the Indians and local people in the Amazon using this bark for various skin problems.* To learn more about this wonderful rainforest plant, go to the Tropical Plant Database file on Mulateiro. To see pictures of mulateiro, click here.

Traditional Uses:* for fungal infections of the skin (athlete's foot, nail fungus, etc.); for skin parasites; for Candida and yeast infections; as a skin aid for wrinkles, scars, freckles, and age spots; for diabetes

Suggested Use:* Take 60 drops 2 - 3 times daily or as needed of a 1:4 concentrated extract. Can also be applied topically to the skin if desired.

Contraindications: None known.

Drug Interactions: None known.

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Third-Party Published Research on Mulateiro

Available third-party documentation and research on mulateiro be found at PubMed. A partial listing of the third-party published research on mulateiro updated through Feb 2019 is shown below:

Anti-inflammatory Actions:
da Silva, A., et al. "Calycophyllum spruceanum Benth ameliorates acute inflammation in mice." J. Ethnopharmacol. 2018 Jun; 219: 103-109.
de Vargas, F., et al. "Antioxidant activity and peroxidase inhibition of Amazonian plants extracts traditionally used as anti-inflammatory." BMC Complement. Altern. Med. 2016 Feb 27; 16:83.

Antioxidant Actions:
Peixoto, H., et al "Calycophyllum spruceanum (Benth.), the Amazonian "Tree of Youth" prolongs longevity and enhances stress resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans." Molecules. 2018 Feb; 23(3): E534.
de Vargas, F., et al. "Antioxidant activity and peroxidase inhibition of Amazonian plants extracts traditionally used as anti-inflammatory." BMC Complement. Altern. Med. 2016 Feb; 16: 83.
Lino, T. et al. "Efeito antioxidante e fotoprotetor de extratos aquosos e etanólicos da casca do Calycophyllum spruceanum." In: Reunião Anual da SBPC - Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciência, 61., 2009, Manaus. UFAM.

Antimicrobial & Antiparasitic Actions:
Cardona Zuleta, L., et al. "Seco-iridoids from Calycophyllum spruceanum (Rubiaceae)." Phytochemistry. 2003 Sep;64(2): 549-53.
Portillo, A., et al. "Antifungal activity of Paraguayan plants used in traditional medicine." J. Ethnopharmacol. 2001 Jun; 76(1): 93-8.

Anti-aging Actions:
Peixoto, H., et al "Calycophyllum spruceanum (Benth.), the Amazonian "Tree of Youth" prolongs longevity and enhances stress resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans." Molecules. 2018 Feb; 23(3): E534.
Araújo, V., et al. "Mulateiro. In: Pastore Júnior, F. et al. [Plants of Amazonia for the production of cosmetics.]." ed. Brasília: Editora Universidade de Brasília, 2007, p. 42-44.